abstract：BACKGROUND:alpha(1)-Antitrypsin is the major plasma serine protease inhibitor. Its deficiency is mainly associated with the alleles PI*S and PI*Z and can lead to obstructive lung disease in adults and to liver cirrhosis during childhood. METHODS:A multiplex PCR method has been established that uses two sets of primers...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： von Ahsen N,Oellerich M,Schütz E

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The counting of leukocytes and erythrocytes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is still performed microscopically, e.g., using a chamber in most laboratories. This requires sufficient practical experience, is time-consuming, and may constitute a problem in emergency diagnostics. Specific automated systems for CSF ...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Ziebig R,Lun A,Sinha P

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We evaluated assays to measure both total tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and the three principle forms of tPA in plasma: active tPA, tPA complexed with plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1), and tPA complexed with C1-inhibitor. METHODS:Active tPA was measured by use of an indirect amidolytic as...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Chandler WL,Jascur ML,Henderson PJ

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:PCR-based mutation detection is prone to methodological errors, e.g., in restriction length fragment polymorphism (RFLP) and allele-specific amplification (ASA), false PCR results may occur because of technical faults or atypical new mutations. METHODS:We investigated the ability of a genotyping assay based...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： von Ahsen N,Oellerich M,Armstrong VW,Schütz E

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cleavage of conjugates is an important step in toxicological analysis, especially of urine samples. The aim of this study was to combine the advantages and to reduce the disadvantages of acid hydrolysis and conventional enzymatic hydrolysis procedures. METHODS:beta-Glucuronidase (GRD; EC 3.2.1.31) and aryls...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Toennes SW,Maurer HH

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This Case Conference reviews the normal changes in thyroid activity that occur during pregnancy and the proper use of laboratory tests for the diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction in the pregnant patient. CASE:A woman in the 18th week of pregnancy presented with tachycardia, increased blood pressure, severe vom...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Fantz CR,Dagogo-Jack S,Ladenson JH,Gronowski AM

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Measurement of purine and pyrimidine metabolites presents complex problems for separations currently performed by HPLC and thin-layer chromatography in clinical practice. We developed a novel capillary electrophoresis method for this purpose. METHODS:Separations were performed in 60 mmol/L borate-2-amino-2-...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Adam T,Friedecký D,Fairbanks LD,Sevcík J,Barták P

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial malignant solid tumor in children under 5 years and is characterized by a wide clinical and biological heterogeneity, from spontaneously regressive forms to cancers with a rapid and fatal progression. MYCN oncogene amplification is considered the most important p...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Raggi CC,Bagnoni ML,Tonini GP,Maggi M,Vona G,Pinzani P,Mazzocco K,De Bernardi B,Pazzagli M,Orlando C

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Stability of chemical speciation during sample handling and storage is a prerequisite to obtaining reliable results of trace element speciation analysis. There is no comprehensive information on the stability of common arsenic species, such as inorganic arsenite [As(III)], arsenate [As(V)], monomethylarsonic...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Feldmann J,Lai VW,Cullen WR,Ma M,Lu X,Le XC

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The recent discovery of the presence of circulating cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma opens up new prenatal diagnostic applications and provides new avenues for clinical investigation. It is of research and potential diagnostic interest to determine whether fetal trisomy 21 may be associated with quanti...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Lo YM,Lau TK,Zhang J,Leung TN,Chang AM,Hjelm NM,Elmes RS,Bianchi DW

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Efforts to reduce the high global prevalence of nutritional anemia require the use of both reliable laboratory assays to distinguish iron deficiency from other causes of anemia and cost-effective methods for collection of blood specimens under field conditions. The suitability of using small plasma samples s...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Flowers CH,Cook JD

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Intravenous and subcutaneous microdialysis was performed to compare the free concentrations and pharmacokinetics of L-3, 4-dihyroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) in blood and tissue in healthy subjects and in patients with Parkinson disease. METHODS:Nine healthy volunteers and 10 patients with Parkinson disease, st...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Dizdar N,Kullman A,Norlander B,Olsson JE,Kagedal B

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Quantitative PCR of viral nucleic acids can be useful clinically in diagnosis, risk assessment, and monitoring of antiviral therapy. We wished to develop a chemiluminescence competitive PCR (cPCR) for parvovirus B19. METHODS:Parvovirus DNA target sequences and competitor sequences were coamplified and direc...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Fini F,Gallinella G,Girotti S,Zerbini M,Musiani M

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Prediction of cyclosporine (CSA) efficacy and toxicity in individual patients is difficult. There is no practical, biologically relevant, pharmacodynamic measure of CSA effect. A major effect of CSA is to decrease interleukin-2 (IL-2) production; however, measurement of this effect in isolated lymphocytes as...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Stein CM,Murray JJ,Wood AJ

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Little is known about trace metal alterations in the bones of dialysis patients or whether particular types of renal osteodystrophy are associated with either increased or decreased skeletal concentrations of trace elements. Because these patients are at risk for alterations of trace elements as well as for ...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： D'Haese PC,Couttenye MM,Lamberts LV,Elseviers MM,Goodman WG,Schrooten I,Cabrera WE,De Broe ME

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We have developed a silicon-based biosensor that generates a visual signal in response to nucleic acid targets. METHODS:In this system, capture oligonucleotide probes are immobilized on the surface of the biosensor. Interaction of the capture probes with a complementary target and a biotinylated detector ol...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Ostroff RM,Hopkins D,Haeberli AB,Baouchi W,Polisky B

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A unique requirement for the molecular diagnosis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) disorders is the ability to detect heteroplasmic mtDNA mutations and to distinguish them from homoplasmic sequence variations before further testing (e.g., sequencing) is performed. We evaluated the potential utility of temporal te...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Chen TJ,Boles RG,Wong LJ

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The alteration of the bone microenvironment as a consequence of skeletal metastases is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to search for patterns of bone markers in relation to primary tumor type, bone pain, and number of sites involved in patients with bone metastases. METHODS:We studied 323 patie...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Berruti A,Dogliotti L,Gorzegno G,Torta M,Tampellini M,Tucci M,Cerutti S,Frezet MM,Stivanello M,Sacchetto G,Angeli A

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Physiologic systems have substantial reserves in younger individuals. The process of aging and intercurrent pathologic processes gradually eliminate these reserves. Changes in endocrine systems, including menopause in women, androgen deficiency in men, loss of skeletal mass, decrease in growth hormone serum concentrat...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Perry HM 3rd

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the hydrolysis of core triglycerides in chylomicrons and VLDL. METHODS:We investigated the association between the HindIII polymorphism of the LPL gene and fasting glucose, lipid, and lipoprotein concentrations in 683 Caucasians. We first stabilized th...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Larson I,Hoffmann MM,Ordovas JM,Schaefer EJ,März W,Kreuzer J

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Increased plasma lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] concentrations have been reported to be an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) in some prospective studies, but not in others. These inconsistencies may relate to a lack of standardization and the failure of some immunoassays to measure all apolipo...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Seman LJ,DeLuca C,Jenner JL,Cupples LA,McNamara JR,Wilson PW,Castelli WP,Ordovas JM,Schaefer EJ

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) occurs in serum both free and in complex with protease inhibitors. The complex with alpha1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) is the major form in serum, and the proportion of PSA-ACT is higher in prostate cancer (PCa) than in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). PSA also forms a complex w...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Zhang WM,Finne P,Leinonen J,Vesalainen S,Nordling S,Stenman UH

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is an important marker for the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer, and the free PSA/total PSA ratio has been shown to be efficient for distinguishing prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia. We report here the characterization of seven mouse monoclonal antib...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Michel S,Deléage G,Charrier JP,Passagot J,Battail-Poirot N,Sibai G,Jolivet M,Jolivet-Reynaud C

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies of the effects of tobacco smoke often rely on reported exposure to cigarette smoke, a measure that is subject to bias. We describe here the relationship between parental smoking exposure as assessed by urinary cotinine excretion and lung function in children with asthma. METHODS:We studied 90 childr...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Oddoze C,Dubus JC,Badier M,Thirion X,Pauli AM,Pastor J,Bruguerolle B

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Monitoring of the concentration of gentamicin in serum and plasma during therapy is widely recommended and practiced in hospitals. Our aim was to develop a homogeneous immunoassay based on particle-enhanced turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay technology to quantify gentamicin on the Dimension clinical chemi...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Wei TQ,Chu VP,Craig AR,Duffy JE,Obzansky DM,Kilgore D,Masulli IS,Sanders CM,Thompson JC

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this investigation was to study the distribution of arsenic species in human organs following fatal acute intoxication by arsenic trioxide. The collected autopsy samples of most organs were ground and dried, and the total arsenic was measured by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). The ars...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Benramdane L,Accominotti M,Fanton L,Malicier D,Vallon JJ

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A column-switching HPLC system was utilized for the simultaneous determination of epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, and their metabolites metanephrine, normetanephrine, 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, homovanillic acid, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in human urine. The sample was injected directly on...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Panholzer TJ,Beyer J,Lichtwald K

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diagnosing cobalamin deficiency is often difficult. We investigated the diagnostic strategies that 224 general practitioners used to assess cobalamin status and the criteria on which they based their decisions to supplement patients. From all serum cobalamin analyses carried out at a single laboratory during 1993, ind...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Hølleland G,Schneede J,Ueland PM,Lund PK,Refsum H,Sandberg S

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the development and characterization of an IRMA for the direct measurement of nicked human chorionic gonadotropin (hCGn) in blood and urine. hCGn derived from a reference preparation of hCG used as an immunogen elicits monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with enhanced recognition of human luteinizing hormone epitop...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Kovalevskaya G,Birken S,Kakuma T,Schlatterer J,O'Connor JF

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A modified pentamer formation assay (PFA) for quantification of tacrolimus and active metabolites after extraction from whole blood is described. The lower limit of detection was 2 microg/L. Intraassay precision (CV) was 5.7-13.7%, and the interassay CV was 6. 1-14.9%. Tacrolimus trough concentrations in 104 whole blo...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Armstrong VW,Schuetz E,Zhang Q,Groothuisen S,Scholz C,Shipkova M,Aboleneen H,Oellerich M

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We established the validity of a quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR assay for the RNA component of human telomerase (hTR), using the TaqMan fluorogenic detection system. Using this assay, we quantified hTR expression in two human pancreatic cancer cell lines, ASPC-1 and MIAPaCa-2. Our results indicated that h...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Yajima T,Yagihashi A,Kameshima H,Kobayashi D,Furuya D,Hirata K,Watanabe N

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Detection of intracellular antigens by flow cytometry requires effective fixation and permeabilization of the cell membrane. This study compares three fixation/permeabilization techniques: two commercial chemical reagents, the ORTHOPermeaFix (OPF) and the FIX&PERM Cell Permeabilization Kit (F&P), and a novel method ba...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Millard I,Degrave E,Philippe M,Gala JL

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two major components of rRNA (18S and 28S rRNA) were separated by electrophoresis in injection-molded acrylic chips with a microchannel 100 microm in width, 40 microm in depth, and with 1 cm of separation distance. Microchannels were filled with 4 g/L hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as sieving polymer and 5 mg/L ethidium...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Ogura M,Agata Y,Watanabe K,McCormick RM,Hamaguchi Y,Aso Y,Mitsuhashi M

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Assays with different specificity are used for cyclosporin monitoring in clinical transplantation. A recent survey of 35 centers showed that 86% used immunoassays for cyclosporin A (CsA). In consensus documents the following performance criteria were recommended: (a) imprecision < or = 10% at 50 microg/L and < or = 5%...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Schütz E,Svinarov D,Shipkova M,Niedmann PD,Armstrong VW,Wieland E,Oellerich M

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For many lysosomal storage disorders, presymptomatic detection, before the onset of irreversible pathology, will greatly improve the efficacy of current and proposed therapies. In the absence of a family history, presymptomatic detection can be achieved only by a comprehensive newborn screening program. Recently we re...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Hua CT,Hopwood JJ,Carlsson SR,Harris RJ,Meikle PJ

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A simple and convenient method using commercially available derivatization reagents is described for the measurement of betaine and N,N-dimethylglycine (DMG) in blood and urine. Precolumn derivatization of plasma or urine is performed directly in acetonitrile without extraction with p-bromophenacyl bromide and crown e...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Laryea MD,Steinhagen F,Pawliczek S,Wendel U

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The main developments in the "ligand assay" field in which I have been involved are traced. These include the original development of "first generation" competitive assays relying on radiolabeled analyte markers; the development of the first "second generation", noncompetitive (ultrasensitive) methods, which rely on t...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Ekins RP

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Serum concentrations of apolipoprotein (apo) B and apo A-I were measured from 1985-1996 in a Swedish population sample of 83 112 males and 64 464 females, ages <20 to >80 years, using an automated immunoturbidimetric method calibrated against fresh pools of human serum and commercial calibrators. All values were recal...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Jungner I,Marcovina SM,Walldius G,Holme I,Kolar W,Steiner E

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of Medicare's Demonstration of Competitive Bidding for Clinical Laboratory Services is to determine whether competitive bidding can be used to provide quality laboratory services at prices below current Medicare reimbursement rates. Here, we present key features of the preliminary design for the demonstrat...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Hoerger TJ,Lindrooth RC,Eggleston JL

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitric oxide is a soluble gas continuously synthesized by the endothelium. This substance has a wide range of biological properties that maintain vascular homeostasis, including modulation of vascular dilator tone, regulation of local cell growth, and protection of the vessel from injurious consequences of platelets a...

journal_title：Clinical chemistry

authors： Cannon RO 3rd

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00